January 1st:
Brunei: Independence Day (1984)
Burma: Independence Day (1948)
Cameroon: Independence Day (1960)
Czech Republic: Recognized by U.S. (1993)
Haiti: Independence Day (1804)
Kashmir: Moslem separatists begin campaign for independence from India. (1989)
Palestine: Palestine Liberation Organization founded. (1964)
Slovak Republic: Recognized by U.S. (1993)
Sudan: Independence Day (1956)
Western Samoa: Independence Day (1962)

January 4th:
Libya: Two Libyan planes shot down by U.S. over Gulf of Sidra. (1986)

January 5th:
Laos: Laos Patriotic Front founded by Pathet Lao. (1963)

January 6th:
Colombia: National Liberation Army (ELN) begins insurgency, targets U.S. energy interests. (1963)
India: Indira Gandhi's assassins, two of her Sikh bodyguards, are hanged. (1989)
Liberia: New constitution promulgated. (1986)

January 7th:
Egypt: First Arab-Israeli war ends. (1949)
Egypt: Coptic Christmas celebrated - may offend Islamic militants if this date falls on a Friday.
Jordan: First Arab-Israeli war ends. (1949)
Japan: Birthday of Chukaku-Ha terrorist group leader Toru Takagi. (1939)
Libya: France bombs a Libyan airfield in Chad. (1987)

January 8th:
Cuba: Fidel Castro takes power in Havana. (1959)
Greece: A Greek court convicts Palestinian terrorist Mohammad Rashid of murder for planting a bomb on a Pan American aircraft in August 1982. The bomb exploded as the plane was about to land at Honolulu, Hawaii, killing one person and injuring several others. Rashid was arrested in Greece in May 1988 as a result of a U.S. tip. (1992)
South Africa: South African National Congress, forerunner of African National Congress, founded. (1912)

January 9th:
Panama: Martyrs' Day commemorates anti-American rioting resulting in deaths of four U.S. soldiers and 20 students at a Panamanian high school. (1964)

January 11th:
Morocco: Independence manifesto issued by nationalists during French rule. (1958)

January 12th:
Tanzania: Zanzibar Revolution Day commemorates revolt against Arab sultan. (1964)

January 13th:
Germany: TWA Flight 847 hijacker Mohammad Ali Hamadei arrested. Hamadei was tried and convicted of the murder of a passenger, U.S. Navy diver Robert Stethem. (1987)
Iraq: U.S. and British planes attack air-defense sites in Iraq. (1993)
Togo: Liberation Day celebrates coup in which Lt. Colonel Etienne Eyadema ousted President Nicholas Grunitzky. (1967)

January 14th:
Guatemala: First civilian government elected after 15 years of military rule. (1986)

January 15th:
Egypt: Birthday of president Gamel Abdel El Nasser. (1918)
Ireland: Irish Free State founded. (1922)
PLO: Second-ranking PLO leader Abu Iyad and two others assassinated by a guard suspected of working for the Abu Nidal terrorist group.

January 16th:
Iran: Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi departs Iran. (1979)

January 17th:
Iraq: Operation Desert Storm commences. (1991)
Iraq: U.S. carries out a missile strike against a nuclear fabrication and reprocessing near Baghdad. (1993)
Philippines: Constitution Day celebrated. (1973)

January 18th:
Iraq: French, British, and U.S. aircraft carry out raids against air defense installations in Iraq's "no-fly" zones. (1993) Tunisia: Remembrance Day celebrates Bourguiba revolution. (1952)

January 20th:
Guinea-Bissau: National Heroes' Day commemorates the assassination of Amilcar Cabral, founder of the ruling party. (1973)
Iran: U.S. Embassy hostages released. (1981)
Lesotho: Army Day celebrated. (1986)
Mali: Army Day celebrated.

January 22nd:
Iran: Kurdish Republic Day (1946)
Iraq: Kurdish Republic Day (1946)
Syria: Kurdish Republic Day (1946)
Turkey: Kurdish Republic Day (1946)

January 25th:
Uganda: The National Resistance Movement-National Resistance Army (NRM-NRA) revolution puts President Yoweri Museveni in power. (1986)

January 26th:
Australia: Australia Day celebrated.
India: Republic Day celebrates promulgation of its constitution. (1950)
Republic of Korea: U.S. ratifies mutual security treaty with Korea. (1954)
Thailand: Separatists in four southern provinces proclaim the establishment of the Islamic State of Langkasuka. (1990)
Tunisia: Black Thursday commemorates government forces' putting down labor riots in Tunis. (1978)

January 27th:
Philippines: Followers of Ferdinand Marcos and mutinying troops seize and hold a radio-television station in Manila in an unsuccessful attempt to allow Marcos to return to the country. (1987)

January 28th:
Lebanon: U.S. bars travel to Lebanon. (1987)
Rwanda: Republic Day, also known as Democracy Day, celebrated. (1961)
Turkey: Turkish consul general in Los Angeles is assassinated by a group calling itself the "Justice Commandos for the Armenian Genocide." (1982)

January 30th:
Germany: Nazis come to power in Germany. (1933)
India: Mahatma Gandhi assassinated. (1948)
Iraq: Iraqi and multi-national force elements had their first ground engagement in the Persian Gulf War at Khafji.
United Kingdom: "Bloody Sunday," commemorates shooting in Londonderry, Northern Ireland, of thirteen demonstrators by British paratroops during a civil rights march. (1972)

February 1st:
India: Maqbul Butt, a Kashmiri separatist leader, is executed in India.(1984)
Iran: Ayatollah Khomeinei returns from exile in France to Iran. (1979)

February 2nd:
Philippines: The Philippine constitution is ratified by plebiscite, confirming President Corazon Aquino in office. (1987)
South Africa: President Frederik de Klerk legalizes the African National Congress (ANC) and dozens of other banned opposition groups. (1990)

February 3rd:
Iraq: The Baath Party takes power in a popular revolt. (1963)
Mozambique: Heroes Day celebrated. Paraguay: The Stroessner regime is overthrown. (1989)
Principe: Martyrs of Colonialism Day celebrated.
Sao Tome: Martyrs of Colonialism Day celebrated.

February 4th:
Angola: Beginning of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) struggle for independence from Portugal. (1961)
Iran: Iran's Shiite clerics begin their takeover of the government. (1979)
Sri Lanka: Independence Day celebrated. (1948)

February 5th:
Burma: Kachin Independence Army (KIA) Revolution Day celebrated. (1960)
Colombia: National Liberation Army (ELN) founding celebrated. (1958)
Tanzania: The Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Revolutionary Party) is formed by merging the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) and the AfroShirazi Party of Zanzibar. (1977)

February 6th:
Lebanon: West Beirut falls to Muslim militias. (1984)
New Zealand: Waitagi Day commemorates the annexation of New Zealand by the United Kingdom through the Treaty of Waitangi that was signed with the Maori tribes, establishing British sovereignty. (1840)

February 7th:
Grenada: Independence Day celebrated. (1974)
Iran: Birthday of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. (1902)
United Kingdom: The Provisional Irish Republican Army fires three mortar rounds at No. 10 Downing Street from a van parked nearby. (1991)

February 8th:
Iraq: Revolution Day celebrated. (1963)
North Korea: Army Day celebrated. (1948)

February 9th:
Algeria: Algeria declares a state of emergency and bans the Islamic Salvation Front. (1992)
Philippines: Navy Day celebrated.

February 10th:
Vietnam: International Youth Day celebrated. (1946)

February 11th:
Cameroon: Youth Day celebrated.
India: Maqbul Butt, founder of the Jammu-Kashmir Liberation Front, is hanged in a New Delhi jail for the 1965 murder of an Indian intelligence agent in Kashmir. Militant Moslems have marked the anniversary of his death with sometimes violent demonstrations in Jammu and Kashmir. (1984)
Iran: Revolution Day celebrated. (1979)
Japan: National Founding Day commemorates the beginning of the Japanese imperial system. Liberia: Armed Forces Day celebrated.
South Africa: Nelson Mandela is released after 27 years in South African prisons. (1990)

February 12th:
Burma: Union Day celebrates the signing of the Panglong Agreement and the creation of the Union of Burma. (1947)
Philippines: Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) insurgents kill 118 government troops on Pata Island after persuading them to lay down their arms. (1981)
Tajikstan: Twenty-five persons die as interior ministry troops fire on demonstrators massed outside the Tajikistan Communist Party headquarters in Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan. (1990)
Venezuela: Youth Day celebrated.

February 13th:
Cyprus: The Turkish Federated State of Cyprus is founded. (1975)
Indonesia, Malaysia: President Sukarno announces Indonesia's opposition to the British-sponsored Federation of Malaysia, initiating the Era of Konfrontasi (confrontation) between Indonesia and Malaysia. (1963)

February 14th:
United Kingdom, Iran: Ayatollah Khomeini announces a death decree on Satanic verses author Salman Rushdie, an Indian national residing in the United Kingdom. (1989)

February 15th:
Afghanistan: The Soviet Union completes the second phase of its troop withdrawal from Afghanistan. (1989)
Colombia: Camilo Torres, a priest who was a leading member of Colombia's National Liberation Army (ELN) guerrilla organization, dies. (1966)
Italy: U.S. diplomat Leamon Hunt is assassinated in Rome by the Red Brigades. (1984)
Singapore: British forces in Singapore surrender to the Japanese army. (1942)
Syria: National Labor Day celebrated.

February 16th:
Israel, Lebanon: Hizballah general secretary Abbas Musawi is killed in an Israeli helicopter ambush near the village of Jibsheet in South Lebanon. (1992)
Lithuania: Independence Day celebrated. (1918)
North Korea: North Korean leader Kim Chong-il is born. (1942)

February 17th:
China, Vietnam: Terming it a "counterattack in self defense," China sends troops invade the northern provinces of Vietnam, advancing to the edge of the Red River delta before stopping and beginning a phased withdrawal. (1979)

February 18th:
Gambia: Independence Day celebrated. (1965)
Portugal: The Popular Forces of 25 April (FP-25) explode a bomb at the U.S. embassy in Lisbon. (1986)

February 19th:
Egypt, Israel: Israel sends first ambassador to Egypt. (1980)
Ethiopia: Martyrs Day observed. Nepal: King Tribhuvan and National Democracy Day observed.

February 20th:
Burma: Chin National Day observed.
Nicaragua: Cesar Augusto Sandino, the guerrilla leader who fought U.S. occupation forces in Nicaragua from 1927 until they were withdrawn in 1933, is killed on the orders of General Anastasio Somoza. (1934)

February 21st:
Israel, Switzerland: Suspected members of the PFLP-GC place a bomb on a Swissair passenger jet en route from Zurich to Tel Aviv, resulting in the death of all 47 passengers. (1970)
Laos: The Vientiane Agreement establishes the third coalition government consisting of rightist and leftist elements. Vientiane and Luang Prabang are declared neutral cities by the accord. Peru: Birthdate of Victor Raul Haya de la Torre, founder of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), the former ruling party of Peru. This date is also celebrated in Peru as the "Day of Fraternity."

February 22nd:
Egypt: Unity Day observed. (1958)
Saint Lucia: Independence Day observed. (1979)
Syria: Unity Day observed. (1958)

February 23rd:
Brunei: National Day observed.
Guyana: Guyana proclaims itself a republic, ending its tie with the British crown while remaining a member of the commonwealth.

February 24th:
Estonia: Independence Day celebrated. (1918)
Iraq, Kuwait: Allied forces launched the ground assault against Iraqi forces occupying Kuwait. (1991)
South Africa: The United Democratic Front (UDF) and other leading antiapartheid groups are effectively banned by the government of South Africa.(1988)

February 25th:
Dominican Republic: Armed Forces Day observed. Kuwait: Independence Day celebrated. (1948)
Suriname: A group of army sergeants and a lieutenant overthrow the elected government and established a series of military-backed regimes. Lt. Col. Desire Bouterse, the army commander, remains the leading figure in the government. (1980)

February 26th:
Morocco: Upon the death of his father, Sultan Mohammed V, Hassan becomes king of Morocco. (1961)
Philippines: The EDSA Revolution -thousands of people pour into the streets of Manila to celebrate the February 25 accession of Corazon Aquino to power and the departure of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos for Hawaii. The name derives from the initials of the street in Manila, Epif anio de los Santos Avenue, where Aquino supporters stood down the Filipino military who backed Ferdinand Marcos. (1986)

February 27th:
Colombia: Guerrillas of the April 19 Movement (M-19) seize the Dominican embassy in Bogota, holding diplomatic personnel from a number of countries, including the U.S. ambassador, as hostages. (1980)
Dominican Republic: Independence Day celebrated. (1844)
Morocco: The Saharan Democratic Arab Republic (polisario government-inexile) is founded. (1976)

February 28th:
Egypt: Britain unilaterally declared Egypt independent in deference to growing nationalism. France: A French court convicts Lebanese terrorist Georges Ibrahim Abdallah for the 1982 killing of an Israeli diplomat. Abdallah is a principal figure in the Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Faction (LARF). Abdallah is sentenced to life imprisonment. (1987)
North Korea: World Communist Manifesto Day celebrated. (1948)
Sweden: Prime Minister Olaf Palme is killed. (1986)
Taiwan: Taiwanese rise in rebellion against the Kuomintang military forces of Chiang Kai-shek, who has moved his government to Taiwan. The uprising is put down violently by Chiang. (1946)
Taiwan, China: The United States and China sign the Shanghai Communique, thus dashing the hopes of the Taiwan Independence Movement (TIM). (1972)
United Kingdom: Nine members of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) are killed in a mortar attack by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) on the Newry police station. (1985)

March 1st:
Bulgaria: Independence Day celebrated. (1878)
Japan: Terrorist leader Fusako Shigenobu forms the Japanese Red Army (JRA) in Beirut, Lebanon. (1971)
Mongolia: The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), the ruling Marxist party in Mongolia, is founded. (1921)
Sudan: U.S. Ambassador Cleo Noel and Deputy Chief of Mission George Moore are assassinated in Khartoum during the seizure of the Saudi embassy. (1973)

March 2nd:
El Salvador: Archbishop Oscar Arnulfo Romero is assassinated by a presumed right-wing death squad. The anniversary has been marked in succeeding years by leftist terrorist attacks, including attacks on American interests. (1980)
Libya: The offical name of Libya is changed to the "Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya." (1977)
Iraq: Iraq signs ceasefire agreement with Allied forces ending the Persian Gulf War. (1991)
Morocco: France and Spain recognize the independence and sovereignty of Morocco. (1956)

March 3rd:
Malawi: Martyrs Day observed.
Sudan: Unity Day, anniversary of the Addis Ababa Accords that ended the insurgency against the central government and granted southern Sudan wide regional autonomy on internal matters. (1972)

March 4th:
Colombia: The U.S.-Colombian Extradition Treaty, aimed in part at drug traffickers, comes into effect. The treaty was later invalidated by the Colombian supreme court. (1982)
Estonia, Latvia: Voters approve referendum seeking independence from the USSR. (1991)

March 5th:
Bahrain: The National Front for the Liberation of Bahraih (NFLB) is founded. (1965)

March 6th:
Ghana: Independence Day celebrated. (1957)
United Kingdom: Three terrorists of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) are killed when Special Air Service (SAS) personnel attempt to arrest them in Gibraltar. The three were part of a PIRA effort to bomb a British Army ceremony. (1988)

March 8th:
China: Martial law is imposed in Tibet by Chinese authorities following three days of violent pro-independence protests. (1989)
Syria: Revolution Day observed. (1946)
Worldwide: International Women's Day observed.

March 9th:
Belize: Baron Bliss Day observed.
Egypt: Day of the War Dead observed. (1968)
Serbia: Armenian terrorists attack the Turkish ambassador, killing one Yugoslav student and wounding the ambassador and his driver. (1983)

March 10th:
Kurdish regions: Anniversary of death of Kurdish leader Mullah Mustafa Barzani. (1979)

March 11th:
Chile: Return to democratically elected civilian rule in Chile following the Pinochet military regime. (1990)
Indonesia: President Sukarno issues the Supersemar Decree, turning over executive authority to Major General Suharto and initiating a new era of rule in Indonesia. (1966)
Lithuania: Independence from USSR voted. (1990)
Swaziland: Commonwealth Day celebrated.

March 12th:
Gabon: Renovation Day commemorates the founding of the Gabonese Democratic Party (PDG). Celebrated as National Day.
India: A series of bomb attacks in Bombay leaves over 250 people dead. (1993)
Lesotho: Moshoeshoe's Day celebrates a northern tribal chief who ruled from 1823 to 1870 and consolidated various Basotho tribes that had been scattered earlier by Zulu and Matabele warriors. During his reign, the nation became a British protectorate. Mauritius: Independence Day commemorates independence from Britain after a period of communal strife brought under control by British troops. (1968)
Mauritius: The Republic of Maritius is declared after 24 years of independence from the British crown. The republic severs all formal ties with the United Kingdom. (1992)
Turkey: Birthday of Kemal Ataturk, founder of the modern Turkish state. (1880)

March 13th:
Angola: The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) is founded. (1966)

March 15th:
Angola: The National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA) is founded. (1962)

March 16th:
Armenia: Soviet-Turkish border treaty ending Armenian hopes of establishing an independent state is signed. (1921)
Iraq: Iraqi forces use chemical weapons against the civilian population in the Kurdish village of Halabja. (1988)
Italy: Italian premier Aldo Moro is kidnapped by the Red Brigades. His body subsequently was found on May 9th. (1978) Lebanon: Kamal Jumblatt is assassinated. (1977)
Lebanon, Israel: Israeli forces invade Lebanon. (1978)
Mozambique: Mozambique People's State established (1984)
United Kingdom: At the funeral service of the three terrorists killed in Gibraltar (3/8/88), a Protestant extremist gunman, Michael Stone, attacks the mourners with hand grenades and a pistol, killing three. His original intent was to kill IRA leaders Gerry Adams and Martin McGuiness, who were attending. Stone was captured and sentenced to life in prison. (1988)

March 17th:
Ireland, United Kingdom, United States: St. Patrick's Day celebrated.

March 18th:
Algeria: Accords signed by France and the National Liberation Front (FLN) which end a revolt by Algeria against French colonial rule. (1962)
Philippines: The Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) is founded.

March 19th:
Iran, Israel: Jerusalem Day proclaimed by Ayatollah Khomeini to demand the "liberation" of Jerusalem. Falls on the last day of Ramadan. (1979)
United Kingdom: Two British soldiers are dragged from their car by a mob, beaten, and then taken to a remote area near Belfast's Milltown Cemetery and shot dead. The two had driven their car into an area of a funeral procession for a victim of a Protestant gunman who killed three persons at a funeral for terrorists. (1988)

March 20th:
Japan: Aum Shinri Kyo cult deploys two containers containing Sarin poison gas in the Tokyo subway system. The incident results in 12 persons killed and up to 5,000 hospitalized. (1995)
Tunisia: Independence Day celebrated. (1956)

March 21st:
Iran: Persian New Year celebrated. Israel: Arab Solidarity Day with the Palestinian People Against Israel observed. (1949)
Kurdish areas: Kurdish New Year celebrated. Namibia: Independence Day celebrated. (1990)
South Africa: Police shoot and kill 69 blacks at a rally in the township of Sharpeville, south of Johannesburg. (1960)

March 22nd:
Laos: The Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP), the state Communist party, is founded. (1955)
Middle East: The Arab League, or League of Arab States, is founded. The League has 20 members plus the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). (1945)

March 23rd:
Pakistan: Pakistan Day commemorates the national assembly's adoption of a new constitution rejecting Pakistanis status as a dominion. (1956)
Pakistan: A new constitution is promulgated by president Ayub Khan. (1962)

March 24th:
Libya: U.S. Navy forces cross the "Line of Death" in the Gulf of Sidra and engage Libyan patrol boats. Four Libyan vessels are sunk or damaged, and an SA-5 radar site is crippled. (1986)
United Kingdom: The British government imposes direct rule on Northern Ireland. (1972)

March 25th:
Cyprus: Greek Independence Day celebrated. Iraq: Independence Day celebrated. (1932)
Mongolia: Army Day celebrates the founding of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army (MPRA). (1921)
Saudi Arabia: King Faisal is assassinated by a deranged kinsman and is succeeded by his brother, Prince Khalid. (1975)

March 26th:
Bangladesh: Bangladesh declares its independence from Pakistan. (1971)
Egypt, Israel: Egypt-Israel peace treaty signed. (1979)
Japan: Japanese radical leftists initiate a period of violent struggle against New Tokyo International Airport (NTIA) at Narita, taking over the airport's control tower. The opening of the airport subsequently is postponed. (1978)

March 27th:
Burma: Armed Forces Day observed. (1945)

March 28th:
China: The Chinese depose the Dalai Lama and install the Panchen Lama as a puppet ruler in Tibet. (1959)

March 29th:
Chile: The anniversary of the deaths of three Communist party members and university professors, apparently at the hands of government agents, is marked by radicals as a kind of unofficial memorial to Pinochet-era terrorists. Bombings and other terrorist attacks have taken place to commemorate this date. (1985)
Philippines: Founding of the New People's Army (NPA), the military arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). (1969)

March 30th:
Israel: Land Day features protests by Israeli Arabs against alleged expropriation of Arab property. Violent protests and attacks against Israelis have taken place on this day. (1976)

March 31st:
China: Tibetans rebel against Chinese rule, and the Dalai Lama flees to India. The Chinese, saying the "agreement" between Beijing and Lhasa was broken, subsequently establish heavier military control over Tibet. (1959)
Germany: The German Arab Friendship Association in West Berlin is bombed, injuring seven people. Syria allegedly aided the attack. (1986)
Libya: The United Nations Security Council votes to impose sweeping sanctions on Libya for its refusal to surrender two suspects in the 1988 bombing of Pan American flight 103. Under the sanctions, all countries must bar flights to or from Libya, prohibit any arms deals, and significantly reduce the staff of Libyan embassies and consulates. (1992)
Malta: Freedom Day observed. April 1st: Armenia, Turkey: April is designated a "Month of Remembrance" to commemorate the anniversary of the claim that the government of Turkey massacred Armenians in 1915.
El Salvador: The Popular Liberation Forces (FPL), a leftist guerrilla organization, is founded. (1970)
India: Unidentified assailants kidnap and kill one of India's top heart surgeons, who was subsequently revealed to be a leading member of the militant Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF). Kashmiri militants alleged Indian security forces carried out the assassination, a charge Indian authorities denied. (1993)
Iran: Islamic Republic Day commemorates riots by Islamic fundamentalists in Isfahan. (1979)
Ukraine: Thousands of people in northern Bukovina heading towards the Romanian frontier are fired on not far from Fintina Alba village. Hundreds are killed, and most of those who survive are tortured and deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan. (1941)
Philippines: The National Democratic Front (NDF), an illegal underground organization that supports the Communist Party of the Philippines/ New People's Army (CPP/NPA), is founded. (1973)

April 2nd:
Greece: Four Americans are killed and nine people, including five Americans, are injured when a bomb explodes aboard TWA flight 840 as it travels from Rome to Athens. The aircraft is able to land safely at Athens airport. (1986)

April 3rd:
Guinea: A military government takes power one week after the sudden death of president Ahmed Sekou Toure. (1984) Thailand: The Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) initiates its armed struggle against the royal Thai government with a series of attacks in the southern provinces of Thailand. (1976)

April 4th:
Hungary: Anniuversary of the liberation of Hungary from Nazi control by Soviet troops. (1945)
Pakistan: Former president of Pakistan Zulfikar 'ali Bhutto is executed by the Pakistani government under President Zia. The terrorist group Al-ikar, founded by his two sons, is named after him. (1979)
Senegal: Independence Day celebrated. (1960)
Syria: Syrian Ba'ath Party is founded. (1947)

April 5th:
China: A militia force working with police beats to death dozens of demonstrators who had gathered in Beijings's Tienanmen Square to lay wreaths in memory of the late premier Zhou Enlai. The incident occurs during the celebration of an annual Chinese festival to honor the dead. (1976)
Germany: La Belle Disco, a nightclub in West Berlin frequented by U.S. servicemen, is bombed, killing 2 American soldiers and 1 Turkish woman and wounding 200 others. Libya is implicated in the bombing. (1986)
Peru: President Alberto Fujimori, with military cooperation, closes the congress and courts and sets aside portions of the constitution in an action that concentrates extraordinary powers in his hands. (1992)
Taiwan: Anniversary of death of Chiang Kai-shek. (1975)

April 6th:
Nepal: Clashes between police and pro-democracy demonstrators leave 19 people dead. (1990)
Thailand: Chakri Day marks the founding of the ruling Thai royal dynasty by Rama I. (1782)

April 7th:
Pakistan: Shia Moslems mark the death of Hazrat Ali, fourth Caliph of Islam. (1991)

April 8th:
Iraq: The Iraqi Ba'ath Party is founded. (1947)

April 9th:
Philippine: Bataan Day commemorates the surrender of American forces to the Japanese. (1942)
Tunisia: Martyrs Day observed.

April 10th:
Pakistan: The daughter of former president Bhutto, Benazir Bhutto, returns from exile in Europe. (1986)
South Africa: South African Communist Party (SACP) secretary general and chief of staff of the SACP armed wing (Umkhonto We Sizwe -Spear of the Nation - MK) is assassinated by a Polish immigrant, Janusz Walus, a member of several right wing groups, including the Afrikaner Resistance Movement and the White Wolves. Black and white extremists kill several people in ensuing political extremists. (1993)

April 11th:
Lebanon, Syria: The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP­GC) splits from the PFLP under the leadership of Ahmad Jabril. (1968)

April 12th:
Japan, United States: Japanese Red Army (JRA) terrorist Yu Kikumura is arrested at a rest stop on the New Jersey turnpike in possession of pipe bombs on his way to New York. (1988)
Liberia: President William Tolbert is overthrown in a coup led by Sgt. Samuel K. Doe, who subsequently suspends the constitution and imposes martial law. (1980)

April 13th:
India: The Sikh religion is founded by guru Gobind Singh. (1699)
Lebanon: Philange militiamen attack Shia Moslem targets, sparking the first round of fighting in the Lebanese civil war. (1975)

April 14th:
Israel: Holocaust Memorial Day observed. (1949)
Namibia: U.S. diplomat Dennis Keough is killed by a booby trap bomb. (1984)

April 15th:
China: The death of senior leader Hu Yaobang sets off protests, hunger strikes, and the occupation of Tienanmen Square by prodemocracy student radicals. (1989)
Egypt: The assassins of Anwar Sadat are publicly executed in Cairo. (1982)
Libya: U.S. aircraft bomb Tripoli and Benghazi in retaliation for terrorist attacks against American targets. Several terrorist operations commemorat­ing the raid have occurred on this date. (1986)
Niger: National Day celebrated. North Korea: Birthday of late North Korean leader Kim 11-sung. (1911)
Sudan: A U.S. embassy communicator is shot and wounded while riding home from the embassy in Khartoum. The shooting is believed to be in retaliation for U.S. air raids on Libya earlier in the day. (1986)

April 16th:
China: Chinese governemt authorities expel senior Tibetan Buddhist monks from temples in Lhasa, further alienating Tibet from Beijing. (1990)
Iraq: President George Bush announces that U.S. troops will enter northern Iraq to create a safe haven for displaced Kurds around Zakhu. (1991)
Israel: Palestinian Prisoners Day declared by the PLO for Palestinians held in Israeli jails. (1980)
Tunisia: Abu Jihad, commander of the western sector of Fatah, is assassi­nated in his home in Tunis. (1988)

April 17th:
Burma: Elements of the Burma Communist Party (BCP) and the Wa National Army (WNA) found the United Wa State Army (UWSA) in opposition to drug lord Khun Sa's Muang Tai Revolutionary Army (MRTA). (1989)
Syria: Independence Day, also called Evacuation Day, commemorates French forces leaving Syria and Syria's declaring its independence. (1946)
Turkey: Turkish police kill 11 suspected Kurdish guerrillas in a series of raids in Istanbul. Kurds later undertook several terrorist attacks in Germany and Turkey, citing this date. (1992)

April 18th:
Lebanon: A car bomb explodes in front of the U.S. embassy in Beirut, killing 63 people, including 17 Americans, and wounding more than a hun­dred others. Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility, calling the bombing "part of the Islamic revolution." Iran subsequently denied having any role in the attack. (1983)
Zimbabwe: Independence Day celebrated.

April 19th:
Colombia: The April 19 Movement (M-19), formerly a leftist guerrilla group, makes peace with the government and becomes a legitimate political party. (1980)
South Korea: Students Day commemorates student demonstrations that led to the resignation of president Syngman Rhee. (1960)
Namibia: Swapo political paraty is founded. (1960)
Sierra Leone: Anniversary of being declared a republic. ((1971)
United States: The FBI storms the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, after a 51-day siege. Eighty-two people die as the compound goes up in flames. (1993)
United States: An explosion at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma City kills 168 people and injures hundreds of others. This was the worst terrorist attack on U.S. soil. (1995)

April 20th:
Algeria: Berber ethnic protests are held in Tizi Ouzou. (1980)
Germany, Worldwide: Adolf Hitler's birthday, celebrated by neo-Nazi, skinhead, racist, and anit-Semitic groups in and out of Germany. (1889)
Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria: At the invitation of the United States and Russia, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and the Palestinians meet in Washington to resume peace talks stalled by the Israeli deportation of 400 suspected Hamas activists to Lebanon. (1993)

April 21st:
Greece: A group of military officers led by George Papadopoulos seizes power in a coup and establishes a military dictatorship that lasts until July 1974. Young king Constatine II is later sent into exile, and Colonel Papadopoulos, as premier, in 1973 converts the government to a republic when, as president, he ends martial law. (1967)

April 23rd:
Sri Lanka: Opposition politician Lalith Athulathmudai is assassintated dur­ing an election rally near Colombo. (1993)

April 24th:
Armenia, Turkey: Armenian anniversary of Turkish genocide. (1915)
Gambia: Republic Day celebrated. (1970)
Philippines: The National Democratic Front (NDF), a coalition of fourteen leftist groups supporting the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and the New People's Army (NPA), is founded in Manila. (1973)

April 25th:
Afghanistan: Victorious Mujahedeen forces regain control of Kabul after almost fourteen years of Communist rule, Soviet occupation, and civil war. Fighting between a hold-out faction, Hezb-I-Islami, and a coalition of Mujahedeen forces breaks out almost immediately. (1992)
Australia, New Zealand: ANZAC Day observed. Egypt: Sinai Liberation Day observed.
Greece, Armenia, Turkey: Hagop Hagopian, of the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA), also known as the Orly Group, 3rd October Organization, is shot dead in his home in Athens by two gunmen. No group claims responsibility for his murder. (1988)
Indonesia: Indonesia incorporates the Moluccas archipelago west of New Guinea when the Netherlands' colonial rule over the former Dutch East Indies comes to an end. Moluccans maintain Indonesia illegally occupies the islands and claim the Dutch government owes them an independent homeland. Separatists under R.S. Soumokil proclaim independence in Ambon. (1950)
United States, Iran: Desert One, a U.S. military operation to rescue diplo­mats held hostage in Tehran fails after an aircraft accident in the desert. (1980)
Macao: Portuguese Revolution Day observed.
North Korea: Korean People's Army founded. (1932) Swaziland: National Flag Day observed. (1967)

April 26th:
Tanzania: Union Day marks Tanganyika's uniting with Zanzibar to form the United Republic of Tanzania. (1964)

April 27th:
Afghanistan: Noor Taraki seizes power and the forms a Marxist govern­ment. (1978)
Eritrea: Eritrea separates from Ethiopia. (1993)
Sierra Leone: Sierra Leone becomes an independent state within the British commonwealth. (1961)
Togo: Independence Day celebrated. (1960)

April 28th:
Dominican Republic: The anniversary of the last U.S. Marine intervention in the Dominican Republic is marked by leftist/ nationalist groups with annual protests. (1965)
Iraq: Saddam Hussein's birthday. (1937)
Italy: Mussolini is killed by partisans at Lake Como. (1945)
Japan, United States: U.S. signs its first security treaty with Japan. (1952)

April 29th:
Colombia: The Popular Liberation Army (EPL) is founded. (1967)
India: Sikh militants seize the Golden Temple of Amritsar in Punjab and declare the independent state of Khalistan. They are expelled by government of India forces the next day. (1986)
Ireland, United Kingdom: In the Easter Rebellion, Irish nationalists unsuc­cessfully attempt to throw off British rule. Guerrilla warfare later follows proclamation of a republic by the rebels. (1916)
Sierra Leone: Captain Valentine Strasser overthrows president Joseph Momoh in a military coup that drives Momoh into exile. (1992)

April 30th:
United Kingdom: Iranian Arabs seize the Iranian embassy in London, tak­ing 26 people hostage. Two hostages are killed on May 5th. Special forces then storm the embassy, rescuing the remaining hostages and killing five of the six terrorists. Much of the embassy is destroyed by fire. (1980)
Vietnam: The government of South Vietnam collapses as the invading North Vietnamese Army captures Saigon. (1975)

May 1st:
Afghanistan: Workers' Day
Argentina: Labor Day Burundi: Labor Day
Germany: Hitler's suicide is announced. (1945)
Guadeloupe: Labor Day Indonesia: Administrative responsibility for West Irian Jaya is transferred to Indonesia following an agreement with the Netherlands. (1963)
Kenya: Labor Day Mali: Labor Day Martinique: May Day Sri Lanka: A suicide bomber assassinates president Ranasinghe Premadasa during May Day celebrations in Colombo. (1993)
Turkey: More than 30 leftists are killed during clashes with security forces in Istanbul. (1977)
Russia: May Day

May 2nd:
Germany, Russia: Berlin falls to the Soviets (1945)
Philippines: Air Force Day observed. (1935)

May 3rd:
Japan: Constitution adopted. (1947)
Jordan: Armed Forces Day observed.

May 4th:
China: Thousands of Beijing students protest the seizure of former German holdings in China by Japan following a Paris peace conference. The protest spawns the May Fourth Movement, one of the forerunners of the Chinese Communist Party. (1919)
Japan: Chukaku-Ha terrorists fire homemade rockets at heads of state arriving for the Tokyo economic summit. There are no casualties. (1986)
Namibia: Kasinga Day commemorates a raid by South African military forces that left hundreds dead. (1978)
New Caledonia: French forces storm the caves on Ouvea where separatists from the Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) are holding 23 French gendarmes hostage. More than 20 people are killed in the fighting. (1988)
New Caladonia: Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) chair­man Jean-Marie Tjibaou and his assistant, Yewewe Yewewe, are killed by Jubeli Wea and two others from the United Front for the Liberation of Caledonia (FULK). The attack occurs during ceremonies commemorating the first anniversary of the 1988 unrest on Ouvea. (1989)
Serbia-Montenegro: Tito dies. (1980)

May 5th:
Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand: Birth of Buddha commemorated. (c. 544 B.C.)
Ethiopia: Liberation Day (1941) Mexico: Archduke Maximilian of Austria, established as emperor of Mexico in1864 by Napolean III of France, is deposed by Benito Juarez. (1867)
United Kingdom: Bobby Sands becomes the first member of the Northern Ireland terrorist organization PIRA (Provisional Irish Republican Army) to die while participating in a hunger strike in prison. (1981)

May 6th:
Lebanon: Martyrs Day (1915)
Philippines: Corregidor Day (1945)
Syria: Martyrs Day (1915)
United Arab Emirates: Armed Forces Unification Day (1976)

May 7th:
Israel: Israeli Independence Day observed by Arabs in the occupied territo­ries . (1948) Thailand: Massive demonstrations commence in Bangkok, leading to ouster of the military-dominated government and the appointment of a prime minister approved by the king to lead the country on a more democratic path. The demonstrations by opposition elements culminate in an undeter­mined number of deaths and injuries when government forces fire into crowds. (1992)

May 8th:
Algeria: War Dead Day observed.
Guadeloupe: Victory Day observed.
Spain: Molotov cocktails are thrown at offices of Citibank and Xerox. (1985)
United States, other Allied nations: VE Day commemorates surrender of Germany in World War II. (1945)

May 10th:
Cuba: Independence Day celebrates end of period as a U.S. protectorate. (1899)
Jordan: Arab Resistance Day, also known as Renaissance Day, observed.

May 13th:
Italy: Pope John Paul II is shot and wounded by Mehmet Ali Agca, a Turkish fugitive. An American bystander also is wounded in the attack. (1981)
Malaysia: In the Malaysia Uprising, fighting between Malays and ethnic Chinese leads to numerous deaths. (1969)

May 14th:
Fiji: Lt. Col. Siteveni Rabuka takes power in a military coup. (1987)
Israel: The first Arab-Israeli war begins shortly after the state of Israel was proclaimed. (1948)
Malawi: Kamuzu Day observed. Paraguay: Independence Day celebrated. (1811)
Sri Lanka: Tamil separatists kill more than 150 people in an attack on a Buddhist shrine at Anuradhapura. (1985)

May 15th:
Austria: Signing of the treaty that restores all Soviet-occupied territory and makes Austria a free and independent state. (1955)
Iraq, Israel: The Arab 15 May Organization under Muhammad Al-Umari is founded from the reminants of Wadi Haddad's Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - Special Operations Group (PFLP-SOG). The group is headquartered in Baghdad until it disbands in 1984-1985. (1979)
Israel: Palestinian Struggle Day (1991)
Japan: Okinawa is returned to Japanese control. (1972)

May 16th:
Sudan: The Sudanese People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/SPLA) is founded. (1983)

May 17th:
Germany: Mohammad Ali Hamadeiis convicted by a German court of hijacking TWA flight 847, while it was en route from Athens to Rome, and of the murder of a passenger, U.S. Navy diver Robert Stethem. Hamadei had been arrested in Frankfurt while trying to smuggle explosives into Germany. He was sentenced to life in prison. (1989)
Israel: Israel signs an accord with Lebanon for the withdrawal of Israeli troops from most of South Lebanon. (1983)
Norway: Constitution Day commemorates Norway's independence move­ment - later put down by the Swedes - which adopted a constitution on this date. (1814)

May 18th:
South Korea: A civilian uprising in Kwangju protests the military rule of president Chun Doo Hwan. In the following assault by military units on the protesters, there were major civilian casualties. (1980)
Peru: The Maoist Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) guerrilla organization, which begins its armed struggle with an attack on a rural polling station. (1980)
Uruguay: Army Day is observed.

May 19th:
Cambodia: Pol Pot, the former leader of the Khmer Rouge, is born. (1928)
Taiwan: Martial law is imposed and remains in effect until July 1987. (1949)
Turkey: Ataturk Memorial and Youth and Sports Day is celebrated. (1991)
Vietnam: Birthday of Hi Chi Minh. (1890)

May 20th:
Cameroon: National Day is celebrated. (1972)
China: Martial law is imposed in Beijing in the wake of the death of Hu Yaobang, which set off protests, hunger strikes, and the occupation of Tienanmen Square by pro-democracy student radicals. (1989)
Israel: A lone discharged Israeli soldier guns down eight Arab laborers in Rishon Le Ziyyon, south of Tel Aviv. Nine other workers are injured. (1990) Japan: Narita Airport opens. (1978) Morocco: Polisario guerrillas begin their armed struggle against Morocco in the western Sahara. (1973) Saudi Arabia: Independence Day celebrated. (1927)

May 21st:
Chile: Battle of Iquique commemorated. India: Former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi is assassinated during a cam­paign rally in Tamil Nadu State. (1991)

May 22nd:
Guadeloupe: Emancipation Day celebrated. Martinique: Republic Day, also known as National Heroes Day, is celebrat­ed. (1972)
Yemen: Yemeni National Day observes the signing by North and South Yemen of an agreement reuniting the country. (1990)

May 23rd:
China: Tibet is "peacefully liberated" when representatives of the Dalai Lama sign an agreement with the Beijing government accepting Chinese rule in return for a promise of greater autonomy.
Germany: The German Federal Republic is proclaimed. (1949)

May 24th:
Bulgaria: Day of the Slavonic Enlighterners Cyril and Methodius, of Bulgarian education and culture. (1990)
Ecuador: Independence Day celebrated. (1822)
Eritrea: Independence is formally declared after 30 years of war and 2 years of stabilization before separating from Ethiopia. (1993)
Philippines: Philippine constabulary chief Tomas Karingal is shot by five gunmen who subsequently flee, covering their escape with smoke grenades. This attack is generally considered the inauguration of the era of urban ter­rorism in Manila and coincides with the formation of the Alex Boncayao Brigade (ABB), the urban terrorist or "sparrow" unit of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). (1984)

May 25th:
Africa: Africa Freedom Day commemorates the founding of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), organized to promote unity and cooperation among African states. (1963) Bermuda: Self-government is achieved. (1967)
Jordan: Following the end of the British mandate over Transjordan, Jordan becomes the independent Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. (1946)
Spain: Jose Manuel Sevillano, imprisoned member of October First Antifascist Resistance Group (GRAPO) dies after a prolonged hunger strike. (1990)

May 27th:
Colombia: Government troops attack the "independent republic" that Communist peasant groups had set up at Marquetalia, Caldas Department. (1964)
Turkey: Constitution Day celebrated. (1991)

May 28th:
Japan: Anti-Narita Struggle Day is declared. (1989)

May 29th:
Syria: Internal Security Forces Day is observed.

May 30th:
Dominican Republic: Rafael L. Trujillo's assassination ends a 30-year per­sonal dictatorship. (1961)
Israel: Members of the Japanese Red Army (JRA) kill 26 people in a mas­sacre at Lod Airport. (1972)
Nigeria: Biafra declares independence. (1967)

May 31st:
Muslim countries: The annual pilgrimage in Mecca begins. Israel: Israeli troops capture East Jerusalem in the Six-Day War. (1967)
Mongolia: The birth of Ghengis Khan, founder of the United Mongol State, is celebrated with a festival. (1162)
South Africa: Four provinces are merged to form the Union of South Africa. (1910)
South Africa: The Republic of South Africa is established. (1961)

June 1st:
Cameroon: Republic is proclaimed. (1972)
Greece: The royal family is sent into exile following a military coup, and a republic is proclaimed. (1973)
Kenya: Madaraka Day commemorates the beginning of self-rule. (1963)
Lebanon: Syria enters the civil war in Lebanon on the side of the Christian Phalange and against the Palestinians and their Moslem allies. In response, Abu Nidal renames his terrorist group, then based in Iraq, the Black June Organization and begins attacking Syrian targets. (1976)
Lebanon: Prime Minister Karami is assassinated. (1987)
Tunisia: Victory Day is celebrated. (1955)

June 2nd:
Cameroon: United Republic proclaimed. (1972)
Italy: Republic established. (1946)
Philippines: Air Force Day observed. (1976)

June 3rd:
China: The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) kills hundreds (maybe thousands) of Chinese civilians in the Tiananmen Square area during a violent crackdown against student dissidents. (1989)
Iran: The Ayatollah Rubollah Khomeini dies on this date; however, Iranians mark the anniversary on June 4, the date his death was announced. Khomeini's funeral was three days later. (1989)
Israel, United Kingdom: Abu Nidal terrorists critically injure the Israeli ambassador to the United Kingdom in an attack in London. The government of Israel uses the incident as a pretext for launching the invasion of Lebanon in the "Peace for Galilee" operation. (1982)

June 4th:
Israel, Lebanon: Israeli Planes bomb Beirut. (1982)
Tonga: Independence prooclaimed. (1970)

June 5th:
Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Syria: the Six Day War begins. (1967)
Egypt: Suez Canal is reopened. (1975)
Iran: Day of Mourning, or Revolution Day, commemorates the arrest of the Ayatollah Khomeini by the shah's police. (1963)
Seychelles: Liberation Day marks the overthrow of the government of prime minister James Mancham by supporters of prime minister Albert Rene, who suspends the constitution, dismisses the parliament, and rules by decree until a new constitution is adopted in June of 1979. (1977)

June 6th:
India: Indian troops storm the Golden Temple of Amritsar, killing three hundred Sikhs in the attack. (1984)
Iraq, Israel: Israeli warplanes attacked an Iraqi nuclear power plant near Bagdad. (1981)
Israel, Lebanon: Israel invades Lebanon. (1982)
Sweden: National Day observed.

June 7th:
Chad: National Liberation Day celebrates the overthrow of Goukouni Oueddei by Hissene Habre. (1982)
Greece: A revised constitution is adopted. (1975)

June 8th:
Bermuda: Constitution is adopted. (1968)
Middle East: The Palestinian terrorist group Sa'iqa (Thunderbolt) is founded. (1967)
Pakistan: Martial law, which was imposed in 1958, is lifted and the National Assembly convened. (1962)
United Kingdom: Queen Elizabeth's birthday celebrated.

June 9th:
Italy: A car bomb explodes outside the back gate of the U.S. Embassy in Rome and rockets are fired at the compound from across the street. One passerby is injured in the attacks. (1987)
Oman: The Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman begins a series of violent attacks. (1983)
South Africa: Three members of the African National Congress (ANC) are hanged on charges of terrorism. (1983)
Sudan: Southern Sudan declares independence. (1969)

June 10th:
North Korea: Date commemorating anti-Japanese demonstrations during the colonial period (1926)
Portugal: National Day celebrated.
South Korea: Date commemorating anti-Japanese demonstrations during the colonial period, as well as the beginning of student demonstrations in 1987. (1926)

June 11th:
Libya: Evacuation Day - commemorates the date U.S. bases are turned over to Libya. (1970)

June 12th:
Philippines: Commemoration of the Philippines' declaration of independence from Spain by General Emilio Aguinaldo. This day is now celebrated as Philippine-American Friendship Day. Also referred to as the Proclamation of the Malolos Republic. (1898)
South Africa: President P.W. Botha declares a nationwide state of emergency, giving authorities broad powers to crack down on opposition groups. More than 1,000 activists are detained in predawn raids, and more than three thousand people, mostly blacks, are subsequently held for varying lengths of time during the emergency. (1986)

June 13th:
Saudi Arabia: King Fahd comes to power following the death by a heart attack of King Khalid. (1982)
Sri Lanka: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) launches a renewed offensive against Sri Lankan government forces by storming at least 24 police stations in northern and eastern Sri Lanka. Several hundred police officers are taken as hostages and a number of these are later killed. (1990)
Yemen: Al-Hamidi takes power in a coup. (1974)

June 14th:
Burma: Ethnic Karen rebels proclaim their own separate state with its capital at Toungoo. (1949)
El Salvador: The Armed Forces of National Resistance (FARN), a leftist guerrilla group, is founded. (1975)
Greece, Lebanon, United States: TWA Flight 847 is hijacked from Athens to Lebanon. The hijackers shoot and kill U.S. Navy diver Robert Stetham in Beirut on June 16 and disperse the remaining passengers throughout the city. Thirty-nine American citizens are released on June 30 in Damascus, Syria. (1985)

June 15th:
Argentina, United Kingdom: Argentina surrenders to the United Kingdom, ending the Falklands War. (1982)
Japan: The U.S.-Japan Mutual Security Treaty is signed. (1960)

June 16th:
Lebanon: Gunmen in Beirut kidnap and kill U.S. Ambassador Maloy, Economic Officer Waring, and their driver. (1976)
South Africa: Thousands of black students demonstrate in Soweto Township, outside of Johannesburg, in protest of a requirement that they be taught in Afrikaans. Police fatally shoot several students, touching off nationwide riots and boycotts that last more than a year and claim the lives of at least 575 blacks. (1976)
Turkey: Turkish leftist terrorist Group 16 June is founded. Until 1987, the group acted under the name "Partisan Yolu." Since 1987, the group has claimed responsibility for numerous acts of terrorism, including the December 1989 firebombing in Istanbul of the "'Hiawatha," a U.S. Government-owned yacht.

June 17th:
Iceland: Independence Day celebrated. (1944)

June 18th:
Egypt: Evacuation Day commemorates the abolishment of the monarchy i and the declaration of Egypt as a republic following the coup led by Gamel Abd El Nasser. (1953)
Peru: Security forces kill more than 200 jailed members of the Sendero Luminoso (SL) guerrilla organization during a riot at Lima's Canto Grande prison. The event is marked by the guerrillas as "Heroes Day." (1986)

June 19th:
Algeria: President Ahmed Ben Bella is overthrown by a military coup. (1965)
Cambodia: Army-People Solidarity Day celebrates the founding of the Cambodian People's Armed Forces. (1951)
Kuwait: Independence Day celebrated. (1961)
Philippines: Birthday of Dr. Jose Rizal. (1861)

June 20th:
Senegal: Independence granted. (1960)

June 22nd:
Germany, Russia: German troops invaded the USSR. (1941)
Yemen: President Qahtan Al-Shaabi is overthrown by the National Liberation Front. The name of the country subsequently is changed to the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. (1969)

June 23rd:
Canada, India, Japan: A bomb explodes on an Air India flight over the North Atlantic following its departure from Canada, killing all 329 passengers on board. A second bomb explodes at Narita Airport in Japan, killing two people. Sikh extremists claim responsibility for both bombings. (1985)
Japan: Okinawa Memorial Day observed. (1989)
Middle East: Ashura (10th of Muharam) marks the martyrdom of Ali Hussein, the tenth Imam of Islam. Significant to Shi'a Moslems. Marked by emotional processions (involving self-flagellation) in Shi' a areas.

June 24th:
Philippines: Manila day observed. Spain: King's Day observed.

June 25th:
Mozambique: The Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) is founded. (1964)
Mozambique: Independence Day celebrated. (1975)
South Korea: North Korea's invasion of the South initiates the Korean War. (1950)
Saudi Arabia: The explosion of a fuel truck set off by terrorists outside the northern fence of the Khobar Towers complex near King Abdul Aziz Air Base, Saudi Arabia, kills 19 U.S. military service members and injurs over 260. (1996)

June 26th:
Chile: Salvador Allende's birthday. Madagascar: Independence Day celebrated. (1960)
Somalia: Independence Day (North) celebrated. (1960)
South Africa: The ANC adopts a political platform. (1955)
Yemen: The chairman of the Presidential Council, Salim Robea Ali, is ousted and executed. (1978)

June 27th:
Djibouti: Independence Day celebrated. (1977)
Iran: The prime minister and 70 others are killed in the bombing of the Legislature.
Iraq, Kuwait, United States: The United States launches a multiple cruise missile strike on the site of the Iraqi intelligence service in Baghdad in retaliation for an Iraqi plot to assassinate former U.S. president George Bush during his visit to Kuwait in April. (1993)
Qatar: The accession to power of Emir Hamad Bin Khalifa is celebrated.

June 28th:
Greece: The U.S. Defense Attache, Navy Captain William Nordeen, is killed in Athens by a car bomb. (1988)
Iran: Revolutionary Guards Day is celebrated.

June 29th:
Seychelles: Independence Day celebrated. (1976)

June 30th:
Ghana: Three high court judges are abducted from their homes and murdered by agents of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC). The Ghana Bar Association (GBA) has decided to observe the anniversary as "Martyrs' Day" by not appearing in court or practicing law on that day. (1982)
Guatemala: Soldiers Day observed. Hong Kong: The lease with the Chinese on the New Territories expires. An agreement between the Chinese and the British signed in December 1984 declares that Hong Kong will become a special administrative region. (1997)
Sudan: A group of officers led by General Omar El Bashir overthrows the government of Sadiq Mahdi. (1989)
Muslim countries: Ashura celebrations end.
Zaire: Independence Day celebrated. (1960)